Existence Of Naht Method In The Development Of Contemporary Arabic Language

One of the impacts of the development of science and technology is that it occurs in the development of various languages. This also happened to various terminology in Arabic. This study aims to find the significance of naht in the formation of various modern Arabic terminologies. This research is a qualitative research in the form of literature review. The data source of this research is various literatures on the study of naht in the formation of various terminologies in contemporary Arabic. The method of this research is qualitative descriptive analysis method. This study concludes that naht is a method of decapitation and summation of two or more words into one term (words). The existence of the naht pattern can provide great urgency related to the adaptation of Arabic in the development of language in the current modern global era, which can give birth to various new Arabic terminology.


INTRODUCTION
The existence of a language is one form of social reality that grows and develops in accordance with the development of the social life of its users (Latifah Salim, 2017 : 77). Each language has its own characteristics and features. This also happened in Arabic. As one of the languages in the world, Arabic also has its own Existence Of Naht Method In The Development Of Contemporary Arabic Language Taqdir: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban T p-ISSN 2527-9807|e-ISSN 2621-1157 20 characteristics and some advantages compared with other world languages. This can be seen, for example Arabic is a language with a strong arrangement, has a very high language barrier and has a very deep meaning. In this case, Arabic experts also view that Arabic is a language that is more mainstream and broader than other languages (Rahmap, 2016: 48-49). From this it can be concluded that as one of the world languages, Arabic is a language that has high literary value.
As for the development of science and technology in the current modern era, it also influences the linguistic aspects in Arabic. The development of science and technology has given birth to new words and terminology in Arabic (Syamsul Hadi, 2017: 154). Then in response to this, how do the rules in Arabic respond. Through this research, the author tries to explain the urgency of one of the Arabic rules called naht methods in responding to the development of science and technology that has an impact on the birth of various new terminologies in Arabic.

RESEARCH METHODS
This study aims to find the significance of naht in the formation of various modern Arabic terminologies. This research is a qualitative research in the form of literature review. The data source of this research is various literatures on the study of naht in the formation of various terminologies in contemporary Arabic. The method of this research is qualitative descriptive analysis method.

Understanding Naht
The word Naht consists of three letters ; nun, ha ', ta', which means to cut down something and tidy it up with iron. Etymologically, the word naht implies sawing, sharpening, sharpening, tidying up. While terminologically, the word naht means the taking of two words and being made into one word by taking a portion of the two words (Ahmad Ibn . Naht is a type of overview and also one form of ishtiqaq in Arabic (Devy Aisha, 2019: 282). But there is a difference between naht and ishtiqaq. The form of ishtiqaq is generally an extension of sentence structure. While naht is a form of decapitation and summary of sentences or phrases  Anis, 1972: 186-187). According to Rahmap, naht in classical linguistic studies is limited to certain expressions that have a high frequency of use. In addition, there are still a number of expressions which are still disputed as to their validity. Some consider it to be the result of a formulation of two or more words, and some others see it as the original root word (Rahmap, 2016: 56). From this it can be understood that the formula used by Naht is made of two or more elements after changes to the word taken. In contrast to ishtiqaq, where the formation of ishtiqaq comes from the element of the word itself.
First, al-Naht al-Nisbi, which is a person's obedience or deeds to two isim, for example in the following table.
The acronym pattern as in the example above, it appears that the abbreviated word combines two words by removing some of the other nouns that are combined, and in the next stage the two words are converted into verbs. There are some opinions that assess Arabic language does not have the flexibility to accept naht, and this is different from languages other than Arabic. This assumption is proven by the number of naht which reaches tens of thousands, or even hundreds for other languages. In this case, Sibawayh states that naht is not qiyas or cannot be betrayed, so that it can spawn many new words that appear (Sibawayh, 1988: 376)

The Urgency of the Naht Method in Forming a New Arabic Terminology
Arabic is a language that can adjust to the development of science, technology. Among the effects of this development is the formation of modern Arabic terminologies. In this case, the efforts made by linguists in the formation of new terminology always prioritize the formation in accordance with Arabic rules that already exist (Rahmap, 2016: 173). As for the interaction between Arabic and other languages, it has an impact on the emergence of new models that can be completely new and not the same as before and existing ones. The same experience happened to naht. According to Jaroslav, the use of the naht method has the potential to realize an abbreviation in the form of a prefix (Jaroslav Stetkevich, Jaroslav then develops by analogizing in a number of other prefixes). This can be seen in the following example In contrast to the views of the linguists, the authors consider that naht is very important in shaping modern Arabic terminologies that are not accommodated by Arabic, so a new term is needed. The basis for the author's theory is that the language of its nature is dynamic, changing with the times. The development of language adjusts the direction of the values of a developing society (Elaine Chaika, 1982: 200).
The use of the Naht method in shaping new Arabic terminology can also be done by combining several vocabulary words. This combination is called a combination of multiple acronyms (Erfan Gazali, 2012: 152). An example of a multiple acronyms combination application is as follows.

‫الك‬ ‫ه‬ ‫رطیسي‬ (Electromagnetic)
The word ‫الكھرطیسي‬ (al-kahratis) is an acronym of two words, namely the word ‫كھرباء‬ (kahruba', electricity) and the word ‫مغناطس‬ (maghnatis, magnet). the words ‫كھربا‬ (kahruba, straw) and ‫باء‬ ‫رُ‬ (ruba ', interesting). The word ‫كھربا‬ (kahruba) in Arabic means ‫كھرمان‬ (kahruman, amber stone). The shift from meaning to electricity begins with the word ‫كھرمان‬ (kahruman) which is the Greek equivalent of the word: electricus from electron to refer to the property of small objects that are attracted after rubbing.
From the description above it can be concluded that the naht method is a method of forming new terminology in Arabic that can make Arabic be able to follow the development of language that accompanies the development of the times.

CONCLUSION
Based on the explanation above it can be concluded that the naht method is a formulation rule that combines two or more words into one new expression that shows its original meaning. This shows that the use of the Naht method is a creative step to facilitate the pronunciation of a series of words. This understanding has a cursory similarity to the process of abbreviating words in Indonesian. The existence of the naht method in the context of the greatest challenges of Arabic in the current global era can give birth to new vocabulary or terminology as global terminology, both in the fields of education, health, industry, military and others. Therefore, the naht method in Arabic is important to be observed as a method of forming new entries resulting from the shortening process in the language that can enrich the treasury of Arabic vocabulary richness.