Political Apathy in Protecting Residential Environmental Problems in Banjarmasin City: Perspective from Residents in the Kelayan Riverbank

Settlement on the banks of the river in the city of Banjarmasin, requires a comprehensive arrangement. The support of the residents of the Kelayan riverbank is an absolute must. The Banjarmasin city government itself plays a role in implementing the environmental management of the Kelayan riverbank through two policies. Namely, arranging structurally and fostering culturally. It is hoped that these two mechanisms, apart from synergizing, also get maximum results in managing rivers in the city of Banjarmasin. For this reason, it is essential to see how residents perceive their settlements and the policies taken by the city government in managing them. This phenomenological research through FDG interviews showed that residents support every government effort and realize that their residential environmental problems need to be addressed through a structural and cultural approach.


INTRODUCTION
Several countries, including Thailand and Singapore, are currently focusing on development through integrated resource revitalization programs. These efforts result in better value and governance of natural resources, especially waters. Indonesia can adopt the success of this revitalization. Moreover, the character of the territorial waters owned is relatively the same. The similarity of geographical characteristics makes it easier for Indonesia to plan targeted and measurable improvement programs. However, this effort was hindered by the government's inability to manage it. This incompetence also includes managing the river environment as a regional basis for the water sector. Budiharjo in Muhajir (2017) stated that one of the weaknesses of the spatial planning law is that there is no article regarding the bargaining position of the people or residents. The centralization of policies and the resolution of environmental problems used by the government has always been dominated by a structural perspective. In this case, the government conducts studies and surveys without involving the community as a database in implementing its governance program. The problem is growing with sectoral and regional conflicts that reduce the quantity of management success. So that people's views do not determine the policies taken by the central and regional governments. As a result, residents become frustrated because their opinions are not respected.
Environmental management as a sustainable development effort should consider the awareness and culture of the local community (Luthfi & Wijaya, 2013).This is important, considering that various forms of residents' daily activities have integrated into the surrounding environment (Tisnawati & Ratriningsih, 2017). In addition, regional management efforts need to consider extracting natural potential to increase the prosperity of its people (Sholihin, 2021). Therefore, the structural approach must be synergized with a cultural approach, which provides a space for participation for citizens (Fazrin, 2018).
A change in mindset in managing the environment through partnerships between local government, the private sector and the community is urgently needed. This breakthrough is expected to bring about a change in the success of good governance in environmental management. At the same time, it creates a sense of ownership and the establishment of intensive communication and interaction (Tanati, 2020). The values that underlie a collaboration are uniform goals, common perception, willingness to process, mutual benefit, honesty, compassion and community-based.
Based on governance index data from the partnership.or.id in 2013, which examines the effect of governance variables on regions with a good governance index from Yogyakarta, while the lousy governance index is in North Maluku. Yogyakarta gets high achievements through the support of community participants who can provide solutions when there are problems in their area. This indicator clearly proves the close relationship between solid governance and community (Putra, 2014).
In his latest research, Syahrin et al., (2021) shows the importance of changing perspectives in managing the environment. Through the implementation of sister city cooperation, the Banjarmasin city government has emphasized the participation of wetland residents with related parties. Participation and active collaboration of the community with the city government as a transnational actor have become a new study that integrates institutional, technological and funding systems in an integrated manner.
Banjarmasin, the city of a thousand rivers, has long been known to the world community. This city, which is located on the island of Borneo, is unique because it has many rivers that almost fill the entire land surface. It was recorded at the Banjarmasin Kimprasko Service that in 1997 there were 117 rivers, but in 2002 it was reduced to 70 rivers, then in 2004 until now only 60 rivers (klikbanjar.com, 2016). Through the implementation of sister city cooperation, the Banjarmasin City Government emphasizes the participation of wetland residents with related parties. The active participation and cooperation of the community with the city government as a transnational actor is a new study that integrates an integrated system of institutions, technology and funding.
Banjarmasin, one of the cities in South Kalimantan Province, has long been known as the city of a thousand rivers. This city is unique because many rivers almost fill the entire land surface. It was recorded at the Banjarmasin Kimprasko Service that in 1997 there were 117 rivers, but in 2002 it was reduced to 70 rivers, then in 2004 until now only 60 rivers (klikbanjar.com, 2016). The decrease a number of rivers in Banjarmasin is triggered by social problems, among others, due to residential housing on the river banks, which causes the narrowing of the river area. In addition, the nickname of the city of a thousand rivers is not based on official statistical data by the government. Ancient people only gave the 'tagline' as a form of appreciation for a large number of rivers.
River data that continues to shrink both in quantity and quality causes a decrease in water absorption. As a result, when the rainfall is high enough, throughout 2021, the South Kalimantan region will experience floods several times. In early 2021, eleven district cities in South Kalimantan, including Banjarmasin, experienced floods which left sad memories for all residents in the province of South Kalimantan (Risanta, 2021;Utama, 2021).
The conversion of forest functions to mining areas, and oil palm plantations is one of the reasons for improving the environment in South Kalimantan. The South Kalimantan government issued instructions for the districts in responding to this. Through his release, the Walhi asked the South Kalimantan provincial government to fix environmental and natural resource management, review extractive industry permits, stop new permits, strict penalties for environmental destroyers, restore environmental damage, and ensure safety of the people of South Kalimantan (Wibisono, 2021). The settlement arrangement in Banjarmasin is quite apprehensive because it is covered by buildings or residential areas along the river banks. The condition of the river itself is no longer clear. It even tends to be dirty yellowish, filled with garbage, leaves and tree branches, resulting from the disposal of residents around the riverbanks.
Research by Muzaidi et al., (2018) shows that the Teluk Dalam river is getting narrower due to the presence of illegal buildings or houses on the banks of the river. Residents use rivers for household waste; industrial and inorganic waste; the emergence of pedestrian bridges that result in the cessation of water traffic in the upstream area; and the lack of public awareness in protecting rivers as wetlands which are water reservoirs and temperature regulators around them (Fakih & Sa'id, 2021).
The habit of unhealthy living behaviour among residents along the river continues. For example, residents in the Pengambangan river area still use the river as a source of economic activity. They use river water to wash, bathe, defecate, and dispose of domestic household waste (Fitriansyah, Muhammad;A. Asmadi;Sari, 2018). Several areas in Banjarmasin, especially the industrial area of Sasirangan, also dispose of their waste in the river (Martapura et all, 2019). The same applies to scrap metal traders, where rusty iron metals, or motorcycle repair shops, whose waste is dumped into the river (Sudarningsih, 2021). The ketupat industry has also added to the list of wastewater disposal used for cleaning rice and palm leaves (Ramadani, 2021).
The authors use the field data above as a basis for knowing the habits of riverbank residents in maintaining their river environment (Harahap & Anisyah, 2021). Active participation is not only born in the government but also in the people. Citizens should care about the environment and their health. This form of concern is not only born through knowledge but also awareness and a complete picture of the current condition of the river, including how the river is positioned in the urban structure; the function of river water and the impact of excessive activities on residents in utilizing the river for their domestic activities. For this reason, efforts are needed to build awareness of correct behaviour together in realizing the importance of the existence of rivers for residents.
The transformation of environmental messages is necessary to gain insight and correct understanding. Finally, in the community, awareness and concern will be formed in maintaining the sustainability of the river. This stage of awareness through communication studies is essential, considering that a good unification of understanding will not work without studying a comprehensive picture of thoughts and various perspectives in the residents' minds regarding the issue of improving the riverbank environment in Banjarmasin.
Various socializations carried out by the government leave homework that has not yet reached the root of the problem. The root of the problem is how the river views and its importance of the river for residents. According to the author, exploring the point of view of this resident can only be done with good communication. This is where communication aims to make people aware so that rivers can be maximized. Therefore, the authors are interested in knowing the perceptions of people living on the river banks in managing the river environment. Therefore, in this research are interested in knowing the perceptions of people living on the river banks in managing the river environment. The emergence of this perception from the community is essential as an initial effort to create a common perception of preserving the environment. In addition, it collects several hopes and desires from the community itself to maintain the environment around them.
In order to complete this research, the author also includes a literature review that discusses public perceptions and policies for managing the river environment. Communication places the study of perception in its central focus. The premise is that if the perceptions obtained by participants are accurate, then communication will also take place effectively. The perception guides humans to choose whether to do or ignore a signal in themselves. The higher the perception of similarity among individuals, the easier and more frequent the interaction process. Some literature notes that perception consists of sensing, attention, and interpretation. Sensing, or what we know as sensation, refers to messages sent through the brain through sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste (Gellatly, 1999). These five senses play an essential role in the communication process. As an illustration, the eye as a sense of sight conveys nonverbal messages to the brain to interpret what is seen around it. The brain receives approximately two-thirds of messages through visual stimuli.
What about attention? Attention becomes unavoidable. Before responding or interpreting an event or stimulus that is present, he first responds to it by activating his attention. This means that perception requires the presence of objects, both objects, actions, and actors, for later perception. Interpretation is an essential part of perception. Interpretation is information obtained through one or more senses. The information is in the form of the object itself, but it is not a total picture of the formed knowledge. It is only information about how the actor describes the object. Through perception, individuals can realize and try to understand their situation. It can be said that perception becomes an integrated activity because all elements in oneself such as feelings, experiences, thinking skills, frames of reference, and other aspects also play a role (Wenden, 1981). Meanwhile, Rakhmat (2003) and Arifin et al., (2017) mentions that perception is influenced by two things, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors from within that create and find something useful for others. The shapers of this internal perception come from age, education, and occupation. Age is a person's age which was said age dramatically affects a person's level of knowledge and experience (Rumaseuw et al., 2018). The more. Where the older, maturity and the power of one's thinking will be more mature. The older a person is, the more constructive they are in using the acquired knowledge coping (Ferdushi et al., 2019). According to Yuliana (2020), a person's view of the world is influenced by his education. Highly educated people are more rational in expressing their opinions than people with low education or no education. At the same time, the work provides value, benefits and additional information and knowledge for workers. The existence of work for workers will affect their knowledge, which leads to something of positive value (Yuliana, 2021) External factors come from outside the self and help in creating something. External factors are divided into information and experience. The existence of information will produce additional knowledge. This further understanding gave him a new awareness to adjust his behaviour with the understanding he had obtained (Febrianto & Mahfoedz, 2015;Notoatmodjo, 2002). Whereas experience comes from the impression, it gives. According to Azwar (2008), this experience is the basis for forming attitudes. Especially if the attitude that appears is accompanied by experiences that involve deep emotional feelings. Notoatmodjo (2002) added that past experiences coupled with his information would lead to different interpretations. This experience and information affect the accuracy of perception (Arifin et al., 2017).
Perception produces two versions, namely positive perception and negative perception. Positive perception contains knowledge, such as knowing or not about something. The form of response from this perception will be continued through his actions. On the other hand, negative perceptions make things or things that he does not know or does not know so that the response he gives will also be inconsistent with the perceived object. Meanwhile, the conception of society, according to sociologists Gillin (1912), is a collection of individuals who associate and interact with each other based on shared values, norms, methods and procedures that are accumulated in specific systems of customs that are continuous and bound (Adrianto, 2006;Fatimah, 2015;Mussadun, 2000). At the same time, Ralph Linton in (Harsojo, 1997, p. 144) argues that society is a group of people who live in one unit in the social order of society (Mokoginta et al., 2015). From this definition, the author concludes that society is a group of people who live together for a long time. They work together and interact with each other. If combined, the conception of public perception is a response and information from a collection of individuals who interact based on the similarity of rules and communication systems that are run continuously through the interpretation of their senses. In the context of this research, the author provides a limitation on public perception regarding the efforts and processes continuously carried out by a group of residents in interpreting the settlement arrangement carried out by the Banjarmasin City government. The final discussion in the last literature review is about riverbank environmental management policies. Settlements on the banks of rivers are a strategic choice for residents because the availability of water as a primary need is still abundant, even though from a health aspect, it does not meet the requirements for drinking. The arrangement of houses that meet the rivers commensurate with the river also adds to the problem for the local government to organize a city that meets the standards of safety and comfortable living together.
In order to improve river management, the Banjarmasin City Government has issued Regional Regulation No. 15 of 2016 (Peraturan Pemerintah RI, 2007). This is a challenge for policymakers in embracing citizens to participate in managing the area where they live. Regarding the arrangement of riverbanks, the Banjarmasin city government also refers to Law no. 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning, which stipulates the extent of green open space for a public area is 20 per cent of the total public location, while residential locations require 10 per cent of the total residential land. These two policies are the essential reference for the policy of the Banjarmasin city government in structuring residential areas along the river in Banjarmasin (Peraturan Pemerintah RI, 2011). Meanwhile, In-Law No. 1 of 2011 concerning Housing and Settlement Areas, article 28 explains that the infrastructure completeness plan includes at least roads, drainage, sanitation, and drinking water. The facilities' completeness plan includes at least a house of worship and green open space (RTH). The public utility completeness plan covers at least the electricity and telephone networks (Peraturan Pemerintah RI, 2011). If combined, the conception in the literature review regarding public perception is a response and information from a collection of individuals who interact with each other based on similar rules and communication systems that are carried out continuously through the interpretation of their senses. In the context of this research, the author provides a limitation on public perception regarding the continuous efforts and processes of a group of residents in perceiving the settlement arrangement carried out by the Banjarmasin City government.

RESEARCH METHOD
Researchers assess residents' life experiences and daily activities on the banks of the Kelayan river, which can only be photographed through qualitative research using phenomenological methods (Creswell, 2003). The data collection is obtained through observation, and in-depth interviews, this type of interview also aims to get "something" from the unseen. (Helaluddin, 2018). The population in this study was 165. 852 people (Banjarmasin, n.d.), with eight research subjects.
Data was collected through careful observations, including detailed contextual descriptions accompanied by in-depth interviews through FGDs selected based on where residents live along the Kelayan riverbank and the results of analysis of documents and records.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Researchers researched residential residents in the Kelayan river, South Banjarmasin District, Banjarmasin City. In total, eight people were the subjects of this study, as listed in table 1 below: Determination of research subjects was taken by purposive sampling, with the following characteristics: 1. These residents know the problems on the banks of the Kelayan river, 2. Have lived or settled in the Kelayan river area, 3. Have an age between 25 to 60 years, 4. Willing to be interviewed by the researcher.
For the sake of confidentiality of the research subject, then the identity of the name and place of residence used is not the real one (disguised). Demographically regarding the subject and research informants can be seen in table 2. Most of the residents living along the riverbanks are immigrants from several areas in South Kalimantan, such as Nagara, Sampit, Muara Teweh and Hulu Sungai, Kotabaru, Batu Licin, and several other areas, such as Madura, Java, and Bugis. Their livelihoods are varied: traders, labourers, angkot drivers, boat rental services, and pedicab drivers. The residents are lower middle class.
In the theoretical study, aspects of the arrangement of the residential environment on the banks of the Kelayan river have been described, including the residents' perceptions of green open areas, facilities and infrastructure and public utilities, as well as the physical arrangement of the river and the physical housing of residents.

Aspects of Green Open Area Arrangements
The results of interviews that have been conducted between researchers and the eight subjects, MH, HY, NY, AL, DR, NF, SR and AR, regarding public perceptions about the arrangement of open green areas in residential neighbourhoods along the Kelayan river in the city of Banjarmasin, can be described in table 4. below:

Aspects of Arrangement of Facilities and Infrastructure
The results of interviews that have been conducted between researchers and the eight subjects, MH, HY, NY, AL, DR, NF, SR and AR, regarding public perceptions about the arrangement of facilities and infrastructure in residential areas along the Kelayan river in the city of Banjarmasin, can be described in table 5. below:

Aspects of River Physical Arrangement
The results of interviews conducted between researchers and the eight subjects, MH, HY, NY, AL, DR, NF, SR and AR, regarding public perceptions of the physical arrangement of rivers in residential neighbourhoods along the Kelayan river in the city of Banjarmasin, can be described in table 6. below: Environmental improvement is the substance of efforts to regulate river areas in Banjarmasin City. The community's perception of the Kelayan riverbank area is positive; they support and agree with the river management activities and various facilities, infrastructure and public utilities that the city government continues to improve. Residents assess that as long as it is for the benefit and improvement of their residential environment, they will gladly support it. The environmental problems of the river residents can be overcome through information and perceptions from FGD interviews and the results of field observations. The Banjarmasin city government is still continuing to improve this aspect by developing an area of green belts, parks and conservation programs for rivers and waterways in the District of South Banjarmasin. To develop green open spaces, the city government targets specifically the Kelayan river area to build water absorption facilities at several points in the area by 2024. The use of green open land is one of the typical urban problems in Indonesia as a whole. This is caused by the high rate of population growth, mainly due to the flow of urbanization, which causes the management of urban space to become increasingly tricky. For the government and developers, the function of green open space is still interpreted as a mere complement to the urban face. Whereas land use for green open space is the only solution for the earth's lungs to move more freely amid buildings constantly proliferating. Improvement and enhancement of the function of green open space in recreational facilities and a forum for communal activities will be able to become a balanced and integrated urban arrangement.
The researcher's interpretation of the management of river water conditions in Kelayan is very concerning. Residents take water from the river for their activities and economic survival. As a result, the water of the Kelayan River is now dirty and blackish-brown in colour because it is polluted by household waste and small industries in riverside settlements, such as the bread-making industry in RK. Ilir RT.9 RW.1, making Tempe and Ijuk Broom in Kelayan A. Komp. Agreed Gg. 2 RT.13 Kelurahan Kelayan Dalam. In addition, there is also a home industry for making 'sasirangan cloth' (Banjar batik), which is located in KS. Tubun No. 32 RT.22 Ex. West Kelayan.
This type of home industry produces waste in the form of water-soaked cloth dye that the owner disposes of directly into the Kelayan River. All household industrial waste is discharged into the river without going through a waste management installation to minimize the negative impacts caused when mixed with river water so that it becomes one of the causes of the decline in water quality of the Kelayan River. In addition to household industrial waste, which is the cause of the contamination of the Kelayan River, household waste is also one of the reasons for the decline in the quality of river water to become polluted and black and smells terrible. Many piles of garbage are stuck under the bridges along the Kelayan river in several residents, sometimes quite large, such as those found on the Teluk Kelayan bridge, the Guerrilla bridge and the Tatah Bangkal bridge, or under and beside the houses of residents in the area. Over the river.
The researcher's interpretation of the management of river water conditions in Kelayan is very concerning. Residents take water from the river for their activities and economic survival. As a result, the water of the Kelayan River is now dirty and blackish-brown in colour because it is polluted by household waste and small industries in riverside settlements, such as the bread-making industry in RK. Ilir RT.9 RW.1, making Tempe and Ijuk Broom in Kelayan A. Komp. Agreed Gg. 2 RT.13 Kelayan Dalam Village. In addition, there is also a home industry for making 'sasirangan cloth' (Banjar batik), which is located in KS. Tubun No. 32 RT.22 Ex. West Kalyan.
This type of home industry produces waste in the form of water from soaking fabric dyes which the owner disposes of directly into the Kelayan River. All household industrial waste is discharged into the river without going through a waste management installation to minimize the negative impacts caused when mixed with river water so that it becomes one of the causes of the decline in water quality of the Kelayan River. In addition to household industrial waste, which is the cause of the contamination of the Kelayan River, household waste is also one of the reasons for the decline in the quality of river water to become polluted and black and smells terrible. Many piles of garbage are stuck under the bridges along the Kelayan river in several residents, sometimes quite large, such as those found on the Teluk Kelayan bridge, the Guerrilla bridge and the Tatah Bangkal bridge, or under and beside the houses of residents in the area. Over the river.
While the physical structure of the building where they live (residential), the researcher can explain that the public's perception of the physical arrangement of housing on the banks of the Kelayan river is very lacking. This happens due to the physical condition of the culture and environment of the community. That is why the characteristics of settlements along the river are unique. The liner pattern follows the formation of a river, with models of houses on stilts or pole houses and lanting houses or raft houses. The building faces the river, while the access in and out of the house is made of ironwood or a concrete bridge. This path is often an alley flanked by the right and left sides of a row of houses.
When viewed from the condition of the house building, it is classified as a permanent building, although it is not well maintained and looks shabby. For setting the distance of buildings in residential areas along the river in the villages of Kelayan Tengah and Pekauman, it looks narrow. With a very high population density, the residential environment on the banks of the Kelayan river is cramped, especially since the house's lighting is not optimal due to the houses being close together. The lack of light results in a decrease in the quality of housing on the banks of the Kelayan river.
The author assesses that residents' knowledge of cleanliness is still lacking. Likewise, the attitude toward maintaining the beauty of the environment still needs to be addressed. The habit of residents throwing garbage and household waste should be eliminated. The availability of unique places for waste disposal at several points in residential areas along the Kelayan river can be a solution. In addition, socialization from the government and unequivocal sanctions for people who do not maintain the cleanliness of the riverbank environment are also expected to be effective in reducing this problem.
Based on field observations, researchers see that the facilities and infrastructure on the banks of the Kelayan river still need to be improved. This is by the results of interviews conducted by researchers who asked the city government to provide more facilities and infrastructure in residential areas along the Kelayan river. Access roads on the banks of the Kelayan river are relatively well maintained, while electricity facilities for almost all residents have been well served. For clean water needs on the banks of the Kelayan river, the residents have been connected to the PDAM. They can pay their dues with the standard of electricity usage for household type customers.
In the field, the researcher also found that there were a small number of residents, due to economic reasons where some residents felt they could not afford to pay the cost of installing new PDAM pipes for their homes, so they preferred to use river water or rainwater that was collected for daily needs such as bathing and drinking. For washing and drinking water needs, they still use PDAM water, considering that the current Kelayan River water is no longer suitable for consumption. To get this clean water, the effort made is by connecting channels to neighbours who have a PDAM network connection using a water pipe/hose by paying a rental fee of between Rp. 40,000 -Rp. 60,000 per month. Meanwhile, residents who have household businesses (making tempeh, bread, food stalls) and using clean PDAM water still use river water to wash their kitchen utensils.
The condition of the facilities and infrastructure in each house, especially for bathing, washing, and latrines (MCK), is quite good; although it is straightforward from ironwood, it is clean and comfortable. The water source for the toilets they get from the Kelayan river is.
The researcher's interpretation of the arrangement of facilities and infrastructure available in riverbank settlements is closely related to the daily activities of residents. Researchers assess that there must be a will to synergize between riverbank residents and the city government in maintaining facilities and infrastructure. Residents' requests for facilities are accompanied by efforts to maintain them. This will give birth to more sustainable community welfare. In order to support survival, an area also needs social facilities. In settlements along the river, the availability of social facilities has a vital role in supporting the course of economic, social and cultural activities. These social facilities include educational facilities (elementary to secondary schools), health facilities (puskesmas), religious facilities (langar and mosques), sports facilities, recreational facilities, trade facilities and services. The existence of this public facility is a vehicle for the gathering of residents to support their activities to interact and communicate.
Furthermore, the city government followed this facility's procurement by conducting socialization of the existence and mechanism of the maintenance system for public facilities by the community itself. The authors conclude that the community is aware of maintaining these facilities from the analysis results. In this case, residents are given the mandate to protect the environment and existing facilities so that urban planning becomes sustainable. On the other hand, the City Government will continue to discipline and even impose sanctions if someone damages the facility.
Suppose you look at the five parameters of the socio-economic conditions of the community, namely education level, age, gender, occupation, and income level. The research results carried out on residents along the river stated that the social conditions are pretty good. Where education is an important indicator, education awareness among residents on the banks of the Kelayan river is relatively good, even though the parents are classified as underprivileged. The desire to continue this education is more for the young women, while the youth prefer to help their parents earn a living to increase their family income by working as labourers. Meanwhile, educational facilities are adequate, and scholarships are available for underprivileged students from the government.
If you look at the type of work, income and education of the riverbank community in Banjarmasin City, there is a similar trend. At the same time, income tends to be less, resulting in only being able to inhabit land on the river banks for shelter. While fulfilling the necessities of life can be obtained from businesses around their place of residence. Low education results in them not having the life skills to deal with the situation. They only get work from the limited knowledge they get. This low level of education also implies a lack of understanding of the physical conditions of the environment in which they live. Lack of knowledge about the environment causes public perception to be less concerned about the physical condition of the environment, so irregular settlement spaces tend to be slums.
The Banjarmasin city government has gradually managed the residential environment in Banjarmasin City. In 2021 the arrangement of 100 housing units on the river banks had been rebuilt. The houses are intended for underprivileged residents on the banks of the river. Through the inauguration of Kampung Pelangi, in the District of South Banjarmasin, which is the location of this research, it is felt that the residents along the river are beneficial in revitalizing their settlements. One of them is the KOTAKU (City Without Slums) program; the Banjarmasin city government builds a concrete footbridge as an access link for residents to houses. This arrangement effort is not only physically managed by the government but has adopted a cultural approach. This cultural, environmental arrangement includes the Clean Friday and Weekend movements with the Citizens, the Community, the Village Cleaning Task Force, and moving to clean the environment and rivers. The Banjarmasin City Government hopes that the community will support and participate in realizing the Banjarmasin slogan, which is clean, superior, comfortable, beautiful and healthy (Bungas).
The researcher assessed that the effort to organize the city of a thousand rivers was carried out with two mechanisms for managing settlements on the banks of the river. The structural approach through remodelling buildings and assisting in rebuilding houses is one of the tangible manifestations of river management policies in Banjarmasin. This management is comprehensive; it cannot be spatial. This means regulating river management policies from upstream aspects to include planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and coaching and supervision. Meanwhile, the management also cooperates with various related parties by applicable regulations.
Meanwhile, the city government mobilizes the community through its social actions in the cultural aspect. The community's collective action also received the support of the local village youth. They carry out social movements to change the mindset of youth around the riverbanks to care for and move to protect the environment. Although the government initiated the village clean-up (in Banjar-Baligai language terms), the implementation still brought residents. The hope is that there will be a change in the people's mindset regarding keeping the river clean. In addition, settlements along the Kelayan river will be a pilot project for structuring other river settlement areas in Banjarmasin City.
As part of the community, the government realizes the importance of the role of the river for the banjar people. The river, for them, is the source of life; the river is the raw material for maintaining physical and spiritual cleanliness. Therefore, culturally this approach is touched so that residents always take care of the quality of the river, both water conditions and the residential environment.
The Banjarmasin city government and the Baligai community carried out river tracing activities, which aimed to see the actual conditions on the banks of the Kelayan river. Several inventory problems, they do easy calculations as a form of anticipation of the rainy season and flood prevention in Banjarmasin.
The author considers these two steps very successful in changing people's perceptions, which were initially only oriented to the sustainability of environmental conditions around their homes to meet the quality of the natural environment that is safe for residents. This orientation was then developed through efforts to raise awareness of the importance of a clean, healthy, and sustainable riverside environment to fulfil the needs of their lives and future generations. In subsequent developments, efforts were made not only in the context of the importance of cleanliness and the beauty of the riverbank environment but also to maintain and preserve the environment sustainably, as a manifestation of the life behaviour of the banjar people who have the characteristics of river communities.

CONCLUSION
The arrangement of community settlements on the river banks is a manifestation of the Banjarmasin City Government's commitment to preserving the river culture, which is the hallmark of South Kalimantan. Residents along the Kelayan river support the activities of structuring their settlements. Through intensive counselling and assistance, it is hoped that public awareness to live a healthier life will be easy to implement without depending on river life. Finally, it is firmly entrenched in the tradition of the Banjar people that a clean and healthy life by paying attention to nature, especially the rivers around them, will become a habit. The picture of people's thoughts collected in this perception is fundamental to address by the Banjarmasin city government.