Legal Challenges of Asset Misappropriation in the Digital Era

Article Sidebar

pdf
Published: May 12, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v25i1.26821
Keywords:
Asset misappropriation, Corporate governance, Criminal law, Digital era

Main Article Content

Emiliya Febriyani
Faculty of Law, Universitas Internasional Batam, Indonesia
Tantimin Tantimin
Faculty of Law, Universitas Internasional Batam, Indonesia

Abstract

The growing challenges of addressing asset misappropriation in Indonesia's digital era highlight the need for a thorough examination of the existing legal framework to assess its effectiveness and adaptability. This paper examines legal challenges of digital asset misappropriation in Indonesia. It explores the legal implications of asset misappropriation as a crime within the context of digital technology, analyzing current Indonesian legislation's adequacy in addressing these issues. Employing a normative legal research method and statutory approach, this research investigates relevant laws and regulations in Indonesia that can be used to criminalize asset misappropriation. In addition, this study employs a case approach by analyzing court decisions related to asset misappropriation, providing practical insights into how the legal framework is applied in real-world scenarios. Key findings suggest that while current Indonesian legislation addresses various aspects of asset misappropriation, it lacks specific provisions for the digital context. This gap necessitates a more holistic legal approach that integrates both traditional and digital environments, while also acknowledging the legal implications on digital aspects, namely data as the center of focus. Recognizing asset misappropriation as a distinct criminal offense can serve as a foundational step in criminalization efforts. This approach can then be integrated with existing legal provisions relevant to the digital environment, allowing perpetrators to be prosecuted under multiple dimensions of Indonesia's legal framework for more comprehensive enforcement.

Article Details

How to Cite
Febriyani, E., & Tantimin, T. (2025). Legal Challenges of Asset Misappropriation in the Digital Era. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian syari’ah Dan Masyarakat, 25(1), 141-156. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v25i1.26821
Issue
Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Nurani: jurnal kajian syari'ah dan masyarakat
Section
Artikel
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
Nurani by http://jurnal.radenfatah.ac.id/index.php/Nurani is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Febriyani, E., & Tantimin, T. (2025). Legal Challenges of Asset Misappropriation in the Digital Era. Nurani: Jurnal Kajian syari’ah Dan Masyarakat, 25(1), 141-156. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v25i1.26821

References

Ahn, M. J. (2014). Enhancing Corporate Governance in High-Growth Entrepreneurial Firms. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, 11(06), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219877014500382

Aldboush, H. H. H., & Ferdous, M. (2023). Building Trust in Fintech: An Analysis of Ethical and Privacy Considerations in the Intersection of Big Data, AI, and Customer Trust. International Journal of Financial Studies, 11(3), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijfs11030090

Anyanwu, A., Olorunsogo, T., Abrahams, T. O., Akindote, O. J., & Reis, O. (2024). Data Confidentiality and Integrity: A Review of Accounting and Cybersecurity Controls in Superannuation Organizations. Computer Science & IT Research Journal, 5(1), 237–253. https://doi.org/10.51594/csitrj.v5i1.735

Bakri, H. H. M., Mohamed, N., & Said, J. (2017). Mitigating asset misappropriation through integrity and fraud risk elements: Evidence emerging economies. Journal of Financial Crime, 24(2), 242–255. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-04-2016-0024

Bygrave, L. A. (2014). Data Privacy Law: An International Perspective. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199675555.001.0001

Çollaku, L., Ramushi, A. S., & Aliu, M. (2024). Fraud intention and the relationship with selfishness: the mediating role of moral justification in the accounting profession. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, ahead-of-p(ahead-of-print), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-10-2023-0220

Ding, S. (2023). Digital Rights Management. In V. Mulder, A. Mermoud, V. Lenders, & B. Tellenbach (Eds.), Trends in Data Protection and Encryption Technologies (pp. 163–169). Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33386-6_28

Disemadi, H. S. (2022). Lenses of Legal Research: A Descriptive Essay on Legal Research Methodologies. Journal of Judicial Review, 24(2), 289–304. https://doi.org/10.37253/jjr.v24i2.7280

Haberly, D., MacDonald-Korth, D., Urban, M., & Wójcik, D. (2019). Asset Management as a Digital Platform Industry: A Global Financial Network Perspective. Geoforum, 106, 167–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.08.009

Hilbert, M. (2020). Digital technology and social change: The digital transformation of society from a historical perspective. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 22(2), 189–194. https://doi.org/10.31887/dcns.2020.22.2/mhilbert

Ing, L. Y., Grossman, G., & Christian, D. (2022). Digital Transformation: ‘Development for All’? In New Normal, New Technology, New Financing (pp. 75–88). Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA). https://doi.org/DOI:

Kassem, R. (2014). Detecting asset misappropriation: A framework for external auditors. International Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Performance Evaluation, 10(1), 1–42. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAAPE.2014.059181

Kharisma, D. B. (2022). Kepatuhan Dan Kesadaran Hukum Kritis: Kajian Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 50/PUU-VI/2008. Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional, 11(1), 37–53. https://doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v11i1.832

Lehavi, A. (2019). Intellectual Property, Data, and Digital Assets (A. Lehavi (ed.)). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108595391

Lynskey, O. (2023). Complete and Effective Data Protection. Current Legal Problems, 76(1), 297–344. https://doi.org/10.1093/clp/cuad009

Mantelero, A. (2021). The future of data protection: Gold standard vs. global standard. Computer Law & Security Review, 40, 1–5. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2020.105500

Margiansyah, D. (2020). Revisiting Indonesia’s Economic Diplomacy in the Age of Disruption: Towards Digital Economy and Innovation Diplomacy. JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies), 8(1), 15–39. https://doi.org/10.21512/jas.v8i1.6433

Mat Ridzuan, N. I., Said, J., Razali, F. M., Abdul Manan, D. I., & Sulaiman, N. (2022). Examining the Role of Personality Traits, Digital Technology Skills and Competency on the Effectiveness of Fraud Risk Assessment among External Auditors. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 15(11), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15110536

Melinda, K., Susanti, A., Tarigan, J. K., Deliana, D., & Napitupulu, I. H. (2022). The Role Of Internal Audit In Fraud Prevention And Disclosure: Literature Review. Kajian Akuntansi, 23(1), 50–66. https://doi.org/10.29313/ka.v23i1.9400

Nomorissa, T. A., & Suryadithya, C. (2022). Forensic Data Analytics dalam Mendeteksi Fraud. Proceeding Accounting Skill Competition, 1(1), 161–180.

Ofori-Duodu, M. S. (2019). Exploring Data Security Management Strategies for Preventing Data BreachesData Breaches. Walden University.

Qi, M., Yao, X., Zhu, Q., & Jin, G. (2024). Network privacy protection and legal system in the digital era. Science of Law Journal, 3(1), 127–132. https://doi.org/10.23977/law.2024.030120

Rachman, A., Jasmin, J., Ibadurrahman, I., & Utami, E. Y. (2024). The Relationship between Startup Incubator Development and Venture Capital Investment on Digital Economic Growth in Indonesia. The Es Economics and Entrepreneurship, 2(03), 157–169. https://doi.org/10.58812/esee.v2i03.248

Ramadlan, F., Tarjo, & Yuliana, R. (2020). Analysis of Fraud Star and Organizational Commitment To Asset Misappropriation Detection With Internal Control System. International Colloquium on Forensics Accounting and Governance (ICFAG), 1(1), 189–201.

Shibambu, A. (2024). Transformation of digital government services in the public sector in South Africa. Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review, 12(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v12i1.753

Syahria, R. (2019). Detecting Financial Statement Fraud Using Fraud Diamond (A Study on Banking Companies Listed On the Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2012-2016). Asia Pacific Fraud Journal, 4(2), 183–190. https://doi.org/10.21532/apfjournal.v4i2.114

Tan, D. (2021). Metode Penelitian Hukum: Mengupas dan Mengulas Metodologi dalam Menyelenggarakan Penelitian Hukum. NUSANTARA: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 8(5), 2463–2478.

Trierweiler, M. K., & Krumay, B. (2023). Managing Cybersecurity and Other Fraud Risks in Small and Medium Enterprises – A Framework to Build a Fraud Management Program in Times of Digitalization. Wirtschaftsinformatik Proceedings 2023, 1–19.

Utami, Y. L., Rakhmayani, A., Imtichana, D. O., & Hajar, N. (2021). Determinants of Asset Misappropriation by Employee from New Fraud Triangle Theory Perspective (Case Study on Holding Company in Central Java). Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR) Peer Reviewed-International Journal, 5(2), 2614–1280.

Wahyulina, D., Damayanti, E., Azizah, M. N., & Fatimah, W. N. (2022). Anotasi atas Regulasi Perlindungan Data Pribadi di Indonesia. Jurnal Magister Hukum Perspektif, 12(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.37303/magister.v12i2.17

Wahyulistyo, F., & Cahyonowati, N.-. (2023). Determining Factors of Asset Misappropriation Tendency by Employees in Perspective of Fraud Hexagon Theory. Jurnal Dinamika Akuntansi, 15(1), 52–67. https://doi.org/10.15294/jda.v15i1.42090

Widjaja, G., & Budiman, E. (2024). Konsekuensi Hukum atas Kehilangan Aset Perusahaan Berfasilitas Pembebasan Bea Masuk. Netizen: Journal of Society and Business, 1(3), 156–170.

Yustia, D. A., & Arifin, F. (2023). Bureaucratic reform as an effort to prevent corruption in Indonesia. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2166196