Friendship Ethics in the Qur'an: A Comparative Study Between Taisir al-Karim al-Rahman and Tafsir al-Mishbah
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Abstract
This study aims to understand the perspectives of As-Sa’di and Quraish Shihab in interpreting the verses on the ethics of friendship in the Qur'an. Social ethics are a reflection of the moral values possessed by individuals in their behavior and in how they interact with their surroundings. Therefore, as social beings, ethics play a crucial role in determining the quality of relationships among people. This is a qualitative study in which the author uses the muqarin (comparative) approach. Based on analytical studies of both commentators, it can generally be concluded that Quraish Shihab argues that the ethics of friendship involve avoiding relationships based on worldly interests and encouraging mutual benefit. Meanwhile, according to As-Sa’di, friendship ethics go beyond worldly interests or mutual benefits; they include forming relationships that distance oneself from disbelief, falsehood, polytheism, and disobedience to Allah. This article contributes to enriching the treasures of comparative studies on interpretations and can be a guide for the wider community regarding friendship ethics based on Islamic normative foundations.
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