Faith-Based Justice: Understanding The Social Role Of Shrines And Pirs In Rural Sind, Pakistan

Abstract

The present paper designed to study social, spiritual and political contributions of Dargahs (shrines) and Pirs (spiritual leaders) in the development of faith-based justice in rural Sindh, Pakistan. Using the frameworks of the legal pluralism theory and social capital theory, it uses mixed-method approach that is, combining surveys and discussions, and focus groups to examine how the shrine-based mediation serves as an informal system of justice. The results indicate that the shrine-based resolution is believed to be accessible, effective, and based on the religious legitimacy. However, it is also an expression of larger social inequalities, with women, as well as the lower castes, frequently being excluded when it comes to making decisions. In addition to this, the shrine networks are also a source of political influence and Pirs are able to use their religious power to influence and mobilize their supporters as well as influence the electoral process. The participants also highlighted the emotional relief and moral reassurance that shrine spaces offered, which is in contrast to the remote and bureaucratic state courts. Despite the absence of any legal validation, the rulings of the Pirs possess binding force but with moral obligation and godly responsibility and pressure. In general, the paper emphasizes the role played by religious authority in supporting decentralized jurisdiction and social stability in the postcolonial rural setting.