KOOPTASI PEMERINTAH DALAM TATA KELOLA LINGKUNGAN: KASUS BANJIR ROB DAN KONTROVERSI KEBIJAKAN LINGKUNGAN DI JAWA TENGAH

Abstract

The study focuses on the application of power co-optation practices carried out by the government in the realm of environmental governance, especially in Central Java. This study focuses on the background of the place on the north coast of Central Java where the tidal flood disaster occurred. Cooptation by the government and several economic and political elites occurs systematically from the beginning of the policy-making process to the implementation of its policies, this is evidenced by the dominance of short-term economic projects prioritized over environmental rehabilitation, AMDAL requirements which are considered to make it easier for companies to carry out development without paying attention to environmental aspects, and low community participation in the policy-making process, because the policies made do not prioritize the interests of affected communities. This research uses a qualitative approach through policy document analysis, in-depth interviews, and observations in the north coast, especially Semarang and Pekalongan. This research concludes that controversial practices, such as the reclamation of Semarang Beach and the construction of sea walls in Semarang and Pekalongan, consistently contribute to environmental sustainability and environmental preservation. However, 80% of environmental permits in Central Java contain indications of violative procedures, while tidal flood mitigation is reactive and does not fully address structural problems such as water exploitation. The study also confirms that environmental governance reforms are needed to be clearer, fairer, and involve the community. Through this study, the researcher provides recommendations for the government to improve policy accountability and prioritize environmental sustainability principles in development.