STUDI KOMPARASI PEMIKIRAN PAUL FEYERABEND DAN MUHAMMAD IQBAL

Abstract

This essay compares the philosophical ideas of two renowned thinkers, Paul Feyerabend and Muhammad Iqbal. Austrian philosopher of science Feyerabend advocated scientific anarchism and extreme methodological pluralism. However, Indian Muslim scholar Muhammad Iqbal is known for his "khudi", or revitalised self-concept in contemporary Islamic thinking. This article will examine both schools of thought, comparing and contrasting their approaches to freedom of thought and their effects on scientific knowledge and practice. This qualitative research method uses a literature study style and descriptive-interpretive data analysis to describe the two figures' thoughts and then draw conclusions about their similarities and differences. The study shows that both value free thinking and reject authority that limits knowledge. Methodological pluralism by Feyerabend stresses that there is no one scientific method, whereas Khudi by Iqbal underlines the value of freedom of thinking in reaching human potential. Despite these parallels, Feyerabend and Iqbal varied in culture and philosophy. Feyerabend stressed epistemic variety and rejected scientific authority, whereas Iqbal merged Islamic and Western philosophy to establish contemporary Islamic thinking. Their reasoning implies that current scientific practice should prioritise an inclusive approach to science and religion and recognise various philosophical and cultural ideas.
 
Keywords: Feyerabend; Iqbal; comparison; thinking