Indonesia’s Identity and Norms in Response to the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict in 2020: A Constructivism View
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Published:
Dec 31, 2022
Keywords:
identity, norm, Foreign Policy, Nagorno-Karabakh, Indonesia
Main Article Content
Abstract
The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict escalated again in 2020, confronting between Azerbaijan and Armenia. As the main actors of the conflict, have claimed approximately 5000 victims in the fighting that took place in the border areas of each of these countries. At that time there were 130 Indonesian citizens in Azerbaijan and 2 Indonesian citizens in Armenia. This situation certainly demands the attitude of Indonesia. Moreover, at that time Indonesia was serving as a Non-Permanent Member of the UN Security Council. This study seeks to examine the influence of identity and norms in Indonesia's response to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in 2020. The researcher uses a constructivist approach to the significance of the construction and Indonesian identity and norms. Researchers also try to analyze and describe the relationship between national identity and international norms with forms of response and Indonesian foreign policy. By using qualitative methods sourced from interviews with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as literature studies to enrich data analysis. Through this framework, the author concludes that there are several identities that encourage Indonesia to respond to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Namely the identity of the Preambule of the 1945 Constitution, the identity of an Islamic state, the identity of a free and active foreign policy, and an identity with fellow Islamic countries in the OIC. In addition to identity, Indonesia's response is also driven by the norms of Peace and War, both unwritten and institutionalized in the United Nations.
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How to Cite
Baidlowi, I. A., & Pradana, H. A. (2022). Indonesia’s Identity and Norms in Response to the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict in 2020: A Constructivism View. Jurnal Studi Sosial Dan Politik, 6(2), 191-204. https://doi.org/10.19109/jssp.v6i2.13027
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How to Cite
Baidlowi, I. A., & Pradana, H. A. (2022). Indonesia’s Identity and Norms in Response to the Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict in 2020: A Constructivism View. Jurnal Studi Sosial Dan Politik, 6(2), 191-204. https://doi.org/10.19109/jssp.v6i2.13027
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Antuli, Rezky Ramadhan, Heryadi, Dudi & Rezasyah, T. (2019). Analisis Peran Indonesia dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Thailand dan Kamboja melalui Pendekatan National Role Conception. JUPIIS: Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 11(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24114/jupiis.v11i2.14131
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BKSAP. (2021). Ketua GKSB Azerbaijan Dukung Azerbaijan dan Armenia Damai.
Carlsnaes, W., Risse, T., & Simmons, B. A. (2014). Handbook Hubungan Internasional (2nd ed.; M. Rizal, Ed.). Bandung: Nusa Media.
Chotimah, H. C. (2016). Identitas Nasional dan Norma Internasional Sebagai Pertimbangan Politik Indonesia dalam Merespons Aksi dan Jaringan Terorisme Global. Jurnal Politica, 7(2), 189–209, hlm 193. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.22212/jp.v7i2.1131
DPR RI. (2020). BKSAP: Masa Depan Azerbaijan - Armenia Suram Jika Tak Patuhi Gencatan Senjata.
DW. (2020). Armenia, Rusia, Azerbaijan Sepakat Akhiri Perang Nagorno-Karabakh.
Fadillah, R., Hidayat, R., Mahrida, N., Hasan, A., & Bahran. (2018). Peran Persatuan Bangsa Bangsa Dalam Perdamaian Dari Pertikaian Antar Negara Menciptakan. Journal Of IslamicC and Law Studies, Volume 2(1), 79–91. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.18592/jils.v2i1.4568
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Geukjian, O. (2012). Ethnicity, Nationalism and Conflict in the South Caucasus (1st ed.). New York: Routledge.
Harahap, R., & Anisyah, S. (2021). Re-Interpretasi Utopisme “Palembang Emas Darussalam” melalui Penyediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau di Kota Palembang. Jdp (Jurnal Dinamika Pemerintahan), 4(1), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.36341/jdp.v4i1.1700
Haryanto, A. (2016). Prinsip Bebas Aktif dalam Kebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Politik Dan Komunikasi, IV no.. II(Ii), 23. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.34010/jipsi.v4i02.165
Hutabarat, L. F. (2016). Diplomasi Indonesia dalam Misi Pemeliharaan Perdamaian PBB. Jurnal Pertahanan, 6(2). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v6i2.308
Ikbar, Y. (2014). Metodologi & Teori Hubungan Internasional (1st ed.; M. Dandan Wildani, Ed.). Bandung: Revika Aditama.
Kementerian Luar Negeri RI. (2018). Hubungan Bilateral RI-Azerbaijan.
Kementerian Luar Negeri RI. (2020). Indonesia Serukan Azerbaijan dan Armenia untuk Hentikan Kontak Senjata.
Kholisdinuka, A. (2021). RI-Azerbaijan Teken MoU Pengembangan Migas dan EBT.
Krustiyati, A. (2019). Konsekuensi Indonesia sebagai anggota tidak tetap dewan keamanan PBB periode 2019-2020 dalam perspektif hukum nasional. Jurnal Majelis, (2).
Mila, N., Vida, F., & Adi, D. P. (2020). Sejarah Perkembangan Politik Luar Negeri Indonesia Masa Pasca Reformasi. Jurnal Pendidikan PKN (Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan), 1(2), 73. https://doi.org/10.26418/jppkn.v1i2.40866
Mislawaty, Harahap, R., & Anisyah, S. (2022). Digitalizing Governance in South Sumatera: An Introduction “E-Sumsel” System Reforming Public Service Management. Jurnal Bina Praja: Journal of Home Affairs Governance, 14(3), 399–411. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.14.2022.399-411
Pabyantara, D. (2013). Konstruksi Identitas dan Politik Luar Negeri Indonesia Dalam Kasus Sengketa Ambalat Tahun 2005. Jurnal Analisis Hubungan Internasional, 2(3). https://doi.org/http://repository.unair.ac.id/id/eprint/16422
Rachmawati, I. (2016). Pendekatan Konstruktivis dalam Kajian Diplomasi Publik Indonesia. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.18196/hi.5290
Rosyid, M. (2019). Peran Indonesia Dalam Menangani Etnis Muslim Rohingya Di Myanmar. Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, 49(3), 613. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol49.no3.2190
Rosyidin, M. (2013). Politik Luar Negeri sebagai Konstruksi Sosial: Sikap Indonesia terhadap Kebijakan Penempatan Pasukan Marinir Amerika di Darwin. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 6(2), 131–152.
Rosyidin, M. (2015). The Power of Ideas; Konstruktivisme dalam Studi Hubungan Internasional (Pertama; Muhamad Yahya, Ed.). Sleman: Tiara Wacana.
Salim, A. (2020). Islamic Identity and Foreign Policy Discourse: Indonesia’s Responses to the US War in Afghanistan (2001-2002). Studia Islamika, 27(1), 35. https://doi.org/10.36712/sdi.v27i1.10035
Satris, R. (2019). Peranan Politik Luar Negeri Indonesia Terhadap Palestina Pasca Pengakuan Jerusalem Sebagai Ibu Kota Israel. Politea, 2(2), 161. https://doi.org/10.21043/politea.v2i2.5884
Sirozi, M., & Yenrizal. (2020). Preventing Religious Radicalism on College Student in the Islamic State Higher Education (PTKIN) Case Study of Islamic State University (UIN) in Indonesia. PalArch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/ Egyptology, 17(6), 7062–7084.
Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (23rd ed.). Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sunda, U. (2021). Kenang 29 Tahun Genosida Khojaly, GKSB DPR Harap Tak Ada Lagi Kejahatan Kemanusiaan.
Thomas, A. (2022). Analisis Pertempuran Armenia-Azerbaijan Tahun 2020 dari Aspek Strategi Perang Modern. Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 7(2), 408–420. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.31604/jips.v9i2.2022.430-438
Toruan, G. T. L. (2020). Peran Strategis Indonesia dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Laut China Selatan dalam Perspektif Stabilitas Keamanan Regional. Jurnal Keamanan Nasional, VI(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31599/jkn.v6i1.449
Umar, A. R. M. (2016). A Genealogy of Moderate Islam: Governmentality and Discourses of Islam in Indonesia’s Foreign Policy. Studia Islamika, 23(3), 399. https://doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v23i3.3157
Wangke, H. (2019). Prioritas Diplomasi Indonesia di Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa. Info Singkat, XI(4).
Zuhri, S. (2021). REGIMENTED ISLAMOPHOBIA: ISLAM, STATE, AND GOVERNMENTALITY IN INDONESIA. Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies, 9(2), 387. https://doi.org/dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v9i2.8249