An Islamic Spiritual Response to the Psychological Effects of Loneliness, Academic Stress, and Bullying on Students in Islamic Boarding Schools (Pesantren)

Article Sidebar

pdf
Published: Jun 30, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.19109/psikis.v11i1.27855
Keywords:
Islamic Spiritual, Bullying, Loneliness, Academic Stress, Pesantren Students

Main Article Content

Hengki Yandri
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5984-1504
Dosi Juliawati
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4934-7593
Anabelie V. Valdez
Mindanao State University
Yuzarion Yuzarion
Univeristas Ahmad Dahlan
Rasmita Rasmita
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci
Daflaini Daflaini
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci
Yatti Fidya
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kerinci

Abstract

Bullying, loneliness, and academic stress are pressing psychological challenges frequently encountered by students in pesantren settings. This study aimed to investigate the complex interplay between loneliness, academic stress, and bullying among pesantren students, with particular attention to the implications for Islamic spiritual interventions. Employing a correlational research design, the study involved a sample of the students of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia, drawn through a multistage random sampling technique from a population of 500 pesantren students. Data were gathered using validated and reliable instruments to assess levels of bullying, loneliness, and academic stress. To investigate the associations among the variables, correlation and regression analyses were employed. The results indicated statistically significant positive associations between loneliness and bullying, as well as between academic stress and bullying behavior, indicating that students who are bullied are more likely to experience loneliness and heightened academic stress. These results underscore the importance of addressing these interconnected psychological issues through holistic approaches. The study highlights the potential of Islamic spiritual responses, such as Islamic counseling and spiritual mindfulness practices, in mitigating the negative psychological effects of bullying, loneliness, and academic stress among students.

Article Details

How to Cite
An Islamic Spiritual Response to the Psychological Effects of Loneliness, Academic Stress, and Bullying on Students in Islamic Boarding Schools (Pesantren). (2025). Psikis : Jurnal Psikologi Islami, 11(1), 137-149. https://doi.org/10.19109/psikis.v11i1.27855
Issue
Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): Psikis : Jurnal Psikologi Islami
Section
Articles

Lisensi Creative Commons
Psikis: Jurnal Psikologi Islami by http://jurnal.radenfatah.ac.id/index.php/psikis is licensed under a Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional.

How to Cite

An Islamic Spiritual Response to the Psychological Effects of Loneliness, Academic Stress, and Bullying on Students in Islamic Boarding Schools (Pesantren). (2025). Psikis : Jurnal Psikologi Islami, 11(1), 137-149. https://doi.org/10.19109/psikis.v11i1.27855

References

Al-Ghazali. (2008). Mukhtasyar Ihya’ ’Ulumuddin. Absolut.

Alfarina, R., & Widiasmara, N. (2022). Tinjauan Naratif Konseling Islam Dalam Menangani Kasus Bullying yang Berdampak terhadap Kesehatan Mental pada Siswa di Sekolah. Bandung Conference Series: Psychology Science, 2(3), 780–789. https://doi.org/10.29313/bcsps.v2i3.4876

Anjasari, T., & Rahmatullah, A. S. (2023). Bullying Behavior in Schools in the Perspective of Islamic Psychology. Psikoislamedia: Jurnal Psikologi, 8(1), 80–94.

Atik, G. (2006). The role of locus of control, self-esteem, parenting style, loneliness, and academic achievement in predicting bullying among middle school students. Middle East Technical University.

Azra, A. (1999). Pendidikan Islam: Tradisi dan Modernisasi Menuju Milenium Baru. Logos.

Bahri, M., Kholidin, F. I., & Yandri, H. (2024). The impact of self compassion and emotion regulation on social anxiety in college students. KONSELI: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 11(1), 65–76. https://doi.org/10.24042/kons.v11i1.21093

Bokhari, U., Shoaib, U., Ijaz, F., Aftab, R. K., & Ijaz, M. (2022). Effects of bullying on the mental health of adolescents. The Professional Medical Journal, 29(07), 1073–1077.

Brooks, M. C., & Mutohar, A. (2018). Islamic school leadership: a conceptual framework. Journal of Educational Administration and History, 50(2), 54–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220620.2018.1426558

Chen, H., Guo, H., Chen, H., Cao, X., Liu, J., Chen, X., Tian, Y., Tang, H., Wang, X., & Zhou, J. (2023). Influence of academic stress and school bullying on self-harm behaviors among Chinese middle school students: the mediation effect of depression and anxiety. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 1049051.

Chowdhury, F. (2020). Bullying of students in academic institutions: A qualitative study. Educational Process: International Journal (EDUPIJ), 9(2), 122–132.

Cosma, A., Walsh, S. D., Chester, K. L., Callaghan, M., Molcho, M., Craig, W., & Pickett, W. (2020). Bullying victimization: Time trends and the overlap between traditional and cyberbullying across countries in Europe and North America. International Journal of Public Health, 65, 75–85.

Cour, S. D. La, Bonde, B., & Rosenbaum, B. (2022). Bullying as a traumatizing process: An investigation of the phenomenology of the bullying experiences and their dynamic effects. British Journal of Psychotherapy, 38(3), 572–588.

Eid, E., Fekih-Romdhane, F., Sarray El Dine, A., Malaeb, D., Hallit, S., & Obeid, S. (2023). Does problematic use of social network mediate the association between bullying victimization and loneliness among Lebanese adolescents? Children, 10(3), 599.

Elena, C. C. (2022). Bullying. In Instrumentul Bibliometric National. https://doi.org/10.52507/2345-1106.2022-1.20

Faiz, A., Yandri, H., Kadafi, A., Mulyani, R. R., Nofrita, N., & Juliawati, D. (2019). Pendekatan Tazkiyatun An-Nafs untuk membantu mengurangi emosi negatif klien. Counsellia: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 9(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.25273/counsellia.v9i1.4300

Haris, R. (2021). The pyscho-spiritual therapy on mental illness; an Islamic approach. Prophetic Guidance and Counseling Journal, 2(2), 34–40. https://doi.org/10.32832/pro-gcj.v2i2.7403

Hasan, M. M., Fatima, Y., Pandey, S., Tariqujjaman, M., Cleary, A., Baxter, J., & Mamun, A. A. (2021). Pathways linking bullying victimisation and suicidal behaviours among adolescents. Psychiatry Research, 302, 113992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113992

Hasibuan, N. H. (2025). Pendidikan Agama Islam Sebagai Media Pencegahan Perilaku Bullying Di Sekolah. Jurnal Padamu Negeri, 2(1), 7–18. https://doi.org/10.69714/7npss611

Hosozawa, M., Bann, D., Fink, E., Elsden, E., Baba, S., Iso, H., & Patalay, P. (2021). Bullying victimisation in adolescence: prevalence and inequalities by gender, socioeconomic status and academic performance across 71 countries. E Clinical Medicine, 41(101142). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101142

Ishak, M. S., Sarkowi, A., Ahmi, A., Abdulrauf-Salau, A., & Memon, S. (2023). Global Research Trends in School Bullying: A Bibliometric Analysis. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 13.

Jaenullah, J., Utama, F., & Setiawan, D. (2022). Resilience Model of the Traditional Islamic Boarding School Education System in Shaping the Morals of Student in the Midst of Modernizing Education. Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Dan Kajian Kepustakaan Di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran, 8(4), 931–942. https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v8i4.6013

Jones, C. (2020). Is person-centred counselling effective when assisting young people who have experienced bullying in schools? Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 20(4), 657–665.

Kim, Y. K., Okumu, M., Small, E., Nikolova, S. P., & Mengo, C. (2020). The association between school bullying victimization and substance use among adolescents in Malawi: The mediating effect of loneliness. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 32(5), 20170229. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2017-0229

KPAI. (2020). Sejumlah Kasus Bullying Sudah Warnai Catatan Masalah Anak di Awal 2020. https://www.kpai.go.id/publikasi/sejumlah-kasus-bullying-sudah-warnai-catatan-masalah-anak-di-awal-2020-begini-kata-komisioner-kpai

Kurniawan, L., Sutanti, N., & Nuryana, Z. (2021). Symptoms of post-traumatic stress among victims of school bullying. International Journal of Public Health Science, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v1i1.20997

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer publishing company.

Li, X., Zhang, Z., & Li, S. (2021). The Influence of Bullying Behavior on Depression in Middle School Students: A Moderated Mediating Effect. Journal of Psychology & Behavior Research, 3(3), 24–38. https://doi.org/10.22158/jpbr.v3n3p24

Luan, M. (2022). Adverse Effects of Loneliness on Students. BCP Social Sciences & Humanities, 19, 465–470. https://doi.org/10.54691/bcpssh.v19i.1730

Madsen, K. R., Damsgaard, M. T., Petersen, K., Qualter, P., & Holstein, B. E. (2024). Bullying at school, cyberbullying, and loneliness: national representative study of adolescents in Denmark. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 21(4), 414.

Majid, N. (1997). Bilik-bilik pesantren: sebuah potret perjalanan. Paramadina. https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130282269484819584

Munif, B., Poeranto, S., & Utami, Y. W. (2019). Effects of Islamic spiritual mindfulness on stress among nursing students. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 9(1), 69–77. https://doi.org/8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/709

Munira, L., Liamputtong, P., & Viwattanakulvanid, P. (2023). Feeling psychologically unsafe at school and university: bullying and youth living with depression in Indonesia. International Journal of Public Health Science, 12(2), 909–916.

Nguyen, A. J., Bradshaw, C., Townsend, L., & Bass, J. (2020). Prevalence and correlates of bullying victimization in four low-resource countries. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 35(19–20), 3767–3790.

Olweus, D. (2013). School bullying: Development and some important challenges. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9(1), 751–780.

Peker, A., & Yalçin, R. Ü. (2022). Mapping global research on cyber bullying in the context of cross-cultural collaborations: a bibliometric and network analysis. Frontiers in Communication, 7, 768494.

Putri, L. H., & Kusdiyati, S. (2023). Pengaruh Loneliness terhadap Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Mahasiswa Jawa Barat. Bandung Conference Series: Psychology Science, 3(1), 550–557.

Rusteholz, G., Mediavilla, M., & Pires Jiménez, L. (2021). Impact of bullying on academic performance. A case study for the community of Madrid. IEB Working Paper 2021/01.

Santhoso, F. H., Marvianto, R. D., & Purwanto, B. (2023). An Adaptation and Validation of the Indonesian Version of The Bullying and Cyberbullying Scale for Adolescents. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 9(1), 21–37.

Sedykh, K., & Myshko, N. (2022). Psychological consequences of bullying. Психологія і Особистість, 2(22), 186–198. https://doi.org/10.33989/2226-4078.2022.2.265497

Smokowski, P. R., & Kopasz, K. H. (2005). Bullying in school: An overview of types, effects, family characteristics, and intervention strategies. Children & Schools, 27(2), 101–110.

Strindberg, J. (2023). “I’m Often Alone”: An Ethnographic Study of School Loneliness and Bullying in a Swedish Elementary School. Child & Youth Care Forum, 52(4), 875–892.

Susanto, D., & Iskandar, I. (2023). Managing Academic Stress with a Prayer Approach from a Prayer Perspective. QOSIM: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial & Humaniora, 1(2), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.61104/jq.v1i2.130

Swastikaningsih, R. R., Eriani, P., & Hernawati, L. (2023). Prevalence follow Bullying Students in Schools and Their Prevention: A Literature Review. KONSELI: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling (E-Journal), 10(1), 77–86. https://doi.org/10.24042/kons.v10i1.15581

Swearer, S. M., & Hymel, S. (2015). Understanding the psychology of bullying: Moving toward a social-ecological diathesis--stress model. American Psychologist, 70(4), 344.

Utari, I. N. D., & Hamid, A. Y. S. (2021). Academic Stress in Adolescent Students of an Islamic-Based School: The Correlation with Parenting Style and Spirituality. Journal of Public Health Research, 10(1_suppl), jphr.2021.2330. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2330

Weiss, R. (1975). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. MIT press.

Yandri, H., Mudjiran, M., Karneli, Y., & Netrawati, N. (2023). Mindfulness in Counseling: Implementation of Counseling in the Society 5.0. Indonesian Journal of Counseling and Development, 5(1), 24–31. https://doi.org/10.32939/ijcd.v5i1.2572

Yandri, H., Mudjiran, Nirwana, H., & Karneli, Y. (2022). Bullying Behavior in Orphanage Children Judging from the Psychoanalytic Therapy Approach. Jurnal KOPASTA, 9(2), 180–186. https://doi.org/10.33373/kop.v9i2.4669

Yandri, H., Suhaili, N., Marjohan, M., Ifdil, I., & Afdal, A. (2023). The Impact of Using Existential Therapy To Build Awareness Of Death For Victims Of Bullying. TERAPUTIK: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 6(3), 369–378. https://doi.org/10.26539/teraputik.631394

Yıldız, İ. (2023). Effects of Bullying on Child Health. In Handbook of Research on Bullying in Media and Beyond (p. 13). IGI Global. https://www.igi-global.com/gateway/chapter/309864

Zamhariroh, N. M., Azis, A. R., Nata, B. R., Fahmi, M., & Salik, M. (2024). Relevansi Pemikiran Pendidikan Al-Ghazali Dengan Pendidikan Islam Kontemporer Tentang Keseimbangan Intelektual Dan Spiritual. Kariman: Jurnal Pendidikan Keislaman, 12(2), 169–181. https://doi.org/10.52185/kariman.v12i2.569

Zhang, Y., Li, Z., Tan, Y., Zhang, X., Zhao, Q., & Chen, X. (2021). The influence of personality traits on school bullying: a moderated mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 650070. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.650070

Томарева, И. Г., Марянина, Л. А., & Аршинова, О. П. (2023). Bullying Practices in Russia, Germany and the United States: Comparative Analysis. Communicology, 11(2), 128–137. https://doi.org/10.21453/2311-3065-2023-11-2-128-137

Most read articles by the same author(s)