Islamic Education in the Ottoman Turkish Era from a Critical Historical Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19109/tadrib.v11i1.29747Keywords:
Islamic Education, Ottoman Empire, Critical HistoryAbstract
This study aims to critically examine the development of Islamic education during the Ottoman Empire as a significant component of the Islamic civilization's resurgence. The research focuses on the dynamics of the educational system, the state's role in shaping educational policies, and the contributing factors behind its advancement and decline. A qualitative method with a historical-critical perspective is employed, involving stages of heuristic analysis, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Data are derived from secondary sources such as books, historical documents, and related academic writings. The findings reveal that Islamic education under the Ottomans evolved through three main phases: the expansion phase, the golden age, and the decline phase. During the expansion period, education was centered on spreading Islam by establishing madrasahs and implementing a religious-based curriculum. The golden age was characterized by the advancement of scientific knowledge, improved teacher quality, and the transformation of Istanbul into a center of Islamic learning. Conversely, the decline phase witnessed the deterioration of educational quality due to political and economic instability, which led to educational reforms by incorporating elements of Western education. This study highlights that Islamic education during the Ottoman era was not only religious in nature but also deeply embedded in political, social, and cultural dimensions. It contributes to a deeper understanding of Islamic education as a dynamic historical process responsive to societal changes
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